SEO Sussex | Dominate Google | Call 01293 894 393…

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http://www.localseoservices.co.uk/seo-company-uk/sussex/ SEO Sussex, Web Design Sussex, Internet Marketing Sussex. Have you ever wondered what it might …

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SEO Consultant – Should You Pay One?…

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What is an SEO consultant? How much should they charge? what exactly do they do? These are questions I find myself being asked regularly as an SEO consultant and there mixed views surrounding the validity of SEO work online.

One line of argument is the fees that SEO consultants charge, what is a reasonable amount to pay? I saw quote been given recently requesting 250 dollars an hour! Putting it kindly this quotation is massively over priced. What makes the consultant believe they can offer that much more value? It is quotes like this that put the SEO world in a bad light and do nothing to help those of us who are trying to make an honest living by offering our skills and services.

There is another argument at the opposite end of the scale which suggests you should not bother paying an SEO consultant and simply learn the techniques. Normally people who suggest this know very little about SEO and yet succeed undetering people from making a worthwhile investment in their product and service.

The reason why people hire SEO consultants is quite simple, they do not have the time or resources to learn and implement it themselves. Online business owners spend all of their time managing there business and seeing to the administrative aspect of running an online venture. They want to increase their sites visibility online but it is simply not feasible for them to learn and implement SEO for 10 – 15 hours a week.

This is where the job of an SEO consultant is invaluable, not only does the consultant have the relevant expertise and experience but can also see to every online optimisation need. As you may be aware getting your site to the top of Google is no overnight task and for some webmasters can take years. Hiring a competent SEO consultant will seriously reduce this time and your business will see results faster. The business you will receive from competent search engine optimisation will far outway your investment.

My overall stance on SEO consultants and the role they play is simple. A qualified competent SEO consultant is more than a worthwhile investment in your business, however the average SEO should charge no more than $75 dollars an hour and provide you with full details of their activities so you can track your monthly progression. One final thing, do not believe anybody who states search engine optimisation is easy and can be done in a couple of hours a week.

Source by Tom Greaves

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Warrington Digital – White Label SEO Services For UK & USA…

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White label SEO UK & USA – https://warrington.digital/white-label-seo If you’re looking for white-label SEO services then we can help. Warrington Digital …

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A Sample Website Marketing Plan For Your New Site…

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You’ve put in the research, the time and the effort and your new website is finally live. Now the problem is, how do you get people to come and visit it? Whether your site is a blog, an e-store or an informational portal on your favorite topic, you need to plan how you will market your site and get traffic to it. Read on for a sample website marketing plan that will be a good start for any new site.

Step 1: Keyword Research

Since your site is already complete, you should already know what your topic is and who makes up your target audience. If you don’t know what exact related keyword phrases they are typing into the search engines though, you are basically flying blind.

To solve this problem, enlist the help of online services such as nichebot or wordtracker. These allow you to access databases that will show you the exact phrases people are typing into the search engines when looking for related information on your site’s topic. With these keywords, you are then ready for the next step of this web site marketing plan.

Step 2: Article Marketing

In order to get traffic to your website you need to let others who might be interested in your site’s topic know you exist. One of the best ways to do this is through article marketing. Basically, what you need to do is use your keyword list you created and use those keyword phrases as the titles and topics of interesting and well written articles. Then, you offer your articles to other online publishers for republication through services such as Ezine Articles.

In return for allowing them to republish your articles on their site, they will give you a link to your site at the bottom of your article. This is known as the “bio-box”. Use the bio box to give people a reason to come to your site and include a link to your site. It is also useful to link back to your site using keyworded anchor text that will help with your site’s optimization.

Step 3. Start Bookmarking And Tagging Your Pages

Many people now turn to social bookmarking sites such as Delicious not only to keep track of their favorite webpages but also to find more websites about their favorite topics. Make certain to create a free account at one or more of these services and add information about your website to them. Almost all social bookmarking sites will ask you to “tag” your listing with keywords that are relevant to your site. You’ll want to turn to your keyword list again to make sure you use the same phrases people are actually searching for.

Social bookmarking will not only help you get more targeted incoming links to your site – which can help with your search engine rankings and bring your free traffic – it can also start bringing targeted visitors to your site right away directly from the sites you are listed on. To be most effective, social bookmarking should be a daily or at least weekly part of your website marketing plan.

Source by Ethan Allen

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HTML 5, CSS 3, PHP , Jquery, Ajax website design (E.commerce) Part 1…

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Younes RM Website: http://younesrm.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/younesrmwebsite Twitter: https://twitter.com/YounesRMWebsite Buy from …

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What is SEO?…

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Well let’s start at the beginning. SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization and it is, broadly speaking, the pursuit of optimizing how your website or blog will perform in the results from search engine searches.

Why would you care whether you perform well in search engine search results? Simple, it’s the number one source of traffic on the internet. Studies have estimated that up to 85% of people’s searching for a product, service or news item begins with a search engine. Is SEO starting to look more interesting now?

You can spend a lot of time and/or money building the most amazing website, but without people visiting your website, it is time and money totally wasted. So, as with any business, you must promote and market your website to bring in traffic. There are many ways that you can effectively market your site. You can pay for online and offline advertising campaigns, you can slowly build it through word of mouth or you can go to the number one source – search engines.

Many experts have said that effective SEO is an art, not a science. They say this because the exact manner in which search engines rank a website is only known to the staff working for that search engine. Even the staff doesn’t know the whole picture because they are split into teams that work on various components independently of each other. This is where the art of SEO starts to get difficult.

The key to effective SEO is not being overly concerned with “knowing” the exact combination of variables required, but rather having an understanding of what works and what doesn’t. There is a mass of literature on SEO published by SEO “experts” that is available. The other issue is that search engines are constantly refining their techniques and as such become a moving target to get “absolutely” right. Understanding what is working and focussing on these variables makes your chances of SEO success much greater.

The key basic components that will get you on your way to getting better SEO and traffic are as follows.

Domain Name/URL

Where possible, include the subject that your website is about in the domain name. Also try and register a top level domain name (eg.com) for the website.

Keywords

Target a selected number of keywords that your website relates to. When people search for something on search engines, they will generally type in more than one word and have learnt to be specific as possible so that they get results that are relevant to what they are looking for. Make sure that is a healthy occurrence of these keywords that appear throughout your website. The more specific and specialized that your key words are, the better the chance of ranking well in those keyword searches.

Meta Tags

Include the keywords in all key meta tags on your website. Do not go overboard with your meta tags as this will penalize you.

Authority

Become an “authority” on the subject. This increases the likelihood of other websites linking to you. Links pointing to your website are a very important part of SEO.

Site Design

Search engines have software that basically “crawls” websites and gathers information of what websites are about, as well as link information etc. Load your website with good relevant copy. People often load up their websites with a bunch of pretty pictures and amazing flash elements. These are great for the human visitor, but not too much use for a search engine. Search engines love text and information, the more the better.

This is a very simplified and broad outline of what SEO is. If you are trying to improve your SEO, then you will no doubt require specialised tools to achieve better results. Don’t pay for any SEO tools of software to begin with, take advantage of the thousands of free SEO tools and software that can get you started.

Source by Frank Senna

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PromoSEO Website Design UK Specialists…

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PromoSEO Website Design UK Specialists http://www.promo-seo.co.uk/ is presented to you in this video. Having a web design is important for you to be …

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Website Redesign…

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Why redesign your website?

Website design is now a very important aspect of business. It goes without saying that all good companies should be constantly monitoring, reviewing and adjusting their strategic business plan in order to take advantage of shifts and fluctuations in market trends concerning the products and or services they offer. With websites now playing a huge part of most businesses marketing tools, the company website should also be a part of this process.

There are numerous reasons a company should consider periodically having their website redesigned, some more important than others but important nonetheless.

The likelihood is that over time a company will have changed in one way or another, it may have added new products or services, restructured, have grown or changed direction. Unlike printed documentation a website can be constantly updated and therefore the information provided on the site shouldn’t really ever be out of date, however this doesn’t mean that the overall website is up-to-date.

By having your site redeveloped you will be able to take advantage of new technologies such as the many jQuery applications now available or improved coding techniques such as HTML 5.

From a design perspective, as with many other aspects of our lives such as clothes, cars and furniture, website fashion changes and an updated design provides the perception of a modern, progressive business.

It may be that your current website doesn’t currently have a Content Management System allowing you to update the site whenever you like, so when redesigning you may need to change the overall development style of the site, or it may no longer be compliant with current regulations relating to websites as detailed in the Disability Discrimination Act, Companies Act and Data Protection Act.

Ease of navigation around a website is one of the main requests designers are asked for by website visitors and improved navigation is another key reason for considering a redesign.

Another area effecting businesses more recently is the increase in use of mobile devises such as tablet computers, and mobile phones to access websites as more consideration needs to be given to the increasing number of screen resolutions and browsing platforms.

As well as improving the functionality and design of the site, a lot of the above also assist with the improvement of Search Engine Optimisation, thus helping your site get found easier with ultimately should lead to more business.

So how often should you redesign your website?

There isn’t really a straight forward answer to this question as it will depends on many factors such as the market your business is in and what style of website you currently have, but in our experience proactive customers tend to redesign their site around every 3 years.

Source by Richard Christopher Stangroom

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Google Maps Local SEO Training Video (2015 Edition) – Google My Business Optimization Tips…

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http://mylocalresults.com/Maps2015 – FREE Google Maps Optimization & SEO Training Course on EXACTLY What to Do to Dominate the Google Maps 7-Pack …

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Benefits of Using WordPress in Your Website Design…

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The quickest and simplest method to make your website operational in just a few minutes is to install WordPress which is a free blogging platform. WordPress allows you to get a free pre-built website which will show you some of the focused aspects like contents, profits, sales of your website etc. In this article we will discuss about WordPress and its benefits in detail.

Flexible platform:

WordPress is a powerful and flexible platform which will help you to build your new websites with the CMS (content management system). There are lots of benefits in using the WordPress bogging platform like quick installation, self updating, open source platform, and lots of plug-ins on the database, more options for website themes etc.

Quick and easy to install:

If you want to build a website for a company which is running cPanelX webmaster’s control panel, then you can get “Fantastico De Luxe” in your control panel and if you click on that icon you will be directed to a page which will show you lots of applications relevant to your website. You will need to follow some simple instructions to get your link and to install the WordPress application on your website. You may be asked some general information before the installation completes. This way you can easily install the WordPress on your website.

Self-updating:

In the latest versions, WordPress has got various special features to help you in choosing your desired WP plug-ins, to get the upgraded operating system or any other related updates. You will be instantly notified if there are any upgrades available for you. You will only need to click the links to automatically install the desired upgrades and updates.

Open Source Application:

Since WordPress has been constructed in PHP, anyone who uses the application can view the source code of it. It also allows the programmers to work within the codex to get their required functions and operations. The application also has a comprehensive documentation on top of it which will help any person with the little knowledge on PHP to work on its codex, themes and plug-ins without great efforts.

Website Themes:

Lots of people prefer to use the custom WordPress themes which will allow you to change the look of your domain, upload anything to your domain and to change the feel of your website. Some people prefer the WP themes which have both paid and free versions. More than 1000 website themes are available today which can be loaded directly to your website.

Functionalities of WordPress websites:

If you want any specific functionality to be performed for your website then you can hire a programmer to make the WordPress plug-ins in such a way that they would perform your desired functions as your wish. There are tons of WordPress plug-ins available in the WordPress database today.

If you want to select a plug-in to perform your desired functions, just download that plug-in, unzip it and then you need to upload it to any reliable plug-in directory. Once you have done this, you can directly go to the admin page to activate it. By this way your desired functionalities can be achieved easily.

Source by Tom Morley

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How to Attract More SEO Clients on Demand | Local SEO Consultants, Experts and Agency Owners….

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How to Attract More SEO Clients on Demand @ http://www.SEOClientsOnDemand.com In this video you are going to learn: The “3C System” for attracting more …

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Professional Web Design…

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In today’s global marketplace, professional web design services are much sought after since they largely contribute towards enhancing a website and increasing the number of visitors.

Corresponding to the increasing number of websites, web design companies and professionals are also increasing day by day. At present, businesses have the option to choose from among a number of leading service providers.

Benefit from Stunning Website Designs

Professional web design companies utilize the services of expert and talented professionals, highly knowledgeable in designing, developing and managing web based solutions. To make your website unique, they implement fresh ideas and value-added solutions. In developing search engine friendly informational and business sites, a wide range of artistic and technical strategies are utilized to incorporate features such as:

o Database

o Shopping carts

o Flash animation

o CMS (content management service)

o Template

o Logo

o Website Flash introductory page

o Flash CD presentation

o Corporate identity

o Graphics

o Print design

o E-commerce solution

Achieve the Best Results for Your Websites

Whether your business is small, medium or startup, get the right type of website design to improve it and ensure excellent search engine results. Minimize heavy graphics, too many hogging script files and too much flash animation in your web designs to create effective and interactive website designs. Professional website design is done with special care to reflect the vision, personality and needs of the clients. Professional web-based solutions help the users to easily navigate and understand product features and benefits.

Breathe Life into Your Website

The look and feel of a website will surely impact your business. So take advantage of premium web design services to make your business more progressive, up-to-date and interesting. Choose reliable website development and search engine optimization providers to ensure professional web design services for your business.

Source by Robert Kruse

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SEO For Dummies: Search Engine Optimization and Marketing For Dummies PDF…

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SEO For Dummies http://zamuraiblogger.com/wp/seo If you are looking to learn more about search engine optimization and marketing for dummies then I hope …

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Update on the Autocomplete API…

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Google Search provides an autocomplete service that attempts to predict a query before a user finishes typing. For years, a number of developers have integrated the results of autocomplete within their own services using a non-official, non-published API that also had no restrictions on it. Developers who discovered the autocomplete API were then able to incorporate autocomplete services, independent of Google Search.

There have been multiple times in which the developer community’s reverse-engineering of a Google service via an unpublished API has led to great things. The Google Maps API, for example, became a formal supported API months after seeing what creative engineers could do combining map data with other data sources. We currently support more than 80 APIs that developers can use to integrate Google services and data into their applications.

However, there are some times when using an unsupported, unpublished API also carries the risk that the API will stop being be available. This is one of those situations.

We built autocomplete as a complement to Search, and never intended that it would exist disconnected from the purpose of anticipating user search queries. Over time we’ve realized that while we can conceive of uses for an autocomplete data feed outside of search results that may be valuable, overall the content of our automatic completions are optimized and intended to be used in conjunction with web search results, and outside of the context of a web search don’t provide a meaningful user benefit.

In the interest of maintaining the integrity of autocomplete as part of Search, we will be restricting unauthorized access to the unpublished autocomplete API as of August 10th, 2015. We want to ensure that users experience autocomplete as it was designed to be used — as a service closely tied to Search. We believe this provides the best user experience for both services.

For publishers and developers who still want to use the autocomplete service for their site, we have an alternative. Google Custom Search Engine allows sites to maintain autocomplete functionality in connection with Search functionality. Any partner already using Google CSE will be unaffected by this change. For others, if you want autocomplete functionality after August 10th, 2015, please see our CSE sign-up page.


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How To Design A WordPress Website…

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It is not hard to find out how to design a WordPress website. All of the instructions you need are in the program. All you have to do is follow them. The easiest way I have found is with WordPress Express.

WordPress Express makes learning how to design a WordPress website very simple and fast. There are only a few prompts in the program. You will have to get a domain name yourself, but other than web hosting, that is all the program requires to get the site up. Depending on your content, you will have hundreds of templates and color schemes to choose from. Please note that you will have to supply all the content for your site. This program only helps you put the site up, not filling in the pages you create.

As I was saying, there are hundreds of choices. You can pick out layouts and color schemes that compliment your banners and graphics, or pick something very simple that does not have a lot of space you need to fill in. It also had something for everyone. It doesn’t matter which product you are building the site for, you will be able to customize it to suit anything you can think of.

Learning how to design a WordPress website is very fast. Depending on which program, but with Express it’s a matter of five of six easy steps. You type in the domain name, pick out your layout, review your choices, and create. Nothing to it at all and the page looks great. It is has some suggestions under the layout choices to help you decide which would be better. Some of these are tailor-made for certain functions, and some are made to just be user-friendly. For your first page I would recommend a simple layout. This gives you a chance to get use to customizing before you get into something more complex.

There are tutorials available on how to design a WordPress website. Many of these include tips that will make the most of your pages. I would highly recommend them since not all of us can think of everything the first time we try something.

Source by Curt Lans

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Search Engine Marketing – In Simple English…

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What is Search Engine Marketing in Simple English – Created by Rapid Learning Life. Simple explanation of Search Engine marketing without the complications …

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Increased Demand For Web Application Development…

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Web applications are basically the business strategies that are implemented through web with the help of various user, business and data services. Due to this there has been increased in demand for web application development, especially by those who are engaged in B2B interaction. All the e commerce business activities are here carried out over the secure and private networks. Some of you won’t believe this but many big companies outsource their projects using web applications only. The make secure transactions with the help of web applications.

If you are one of those who are looking for a customized application solution, then a web development company can be of great help to you. Their team of technical experts aptly combines the rich internet applications with the needs of the customers and delivers a program that is right for them. Their host of services includes database porting, server porting, data migration, standalone legal applications to web migration applications, etc. These web applications once formulated are audited and tested. The testing includes review of codes, functionality of the applications, requirement verifications, HTML standard compliance test, performance test, and most important security and stability testing. All this helps in ensuring that business functionality and performance is improved with technical architecture. These various stages assure that application process development is completely coordinated to achieve the desired results.

Some of the other reasons that increased demand for web application development are:

* Effective management of complete online business. This includes rendering prompt customer services, supply chain management, inventory management, etc.

* With the help of web application development one can reach clients across the globe and provide them with personalized services.

* Advanced web application development helps to reduce the operating cost through automatic business generation.

* These days’ people are open for experimentation. The dynamic website made using web development application, help in delivering the out of box ideas more effectively.

Source by Sujeet Yadav

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how to get on first page in google, search engine optimisation tips, create a better website SEO…

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we are showing golden rules to increase traffic to your website through simple SEO or search engine optimisation techniques tools and tips.If you are no already …

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First Rich Snippets from JSON-LD Spotted in the Wild (And They're Delicious)…

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Post image for First Rich Snippets from JSON-LD Spotted in the Wild (And They're Delicious)

Webmasters accustomed to marking up pages with structured data in order to generate rich snippets in Google have long looked forward to the day when Google sanctioned the use of JSON-LD for this purpose, rather than requiring them to use RDFa or microdata to provide these annotations inline.

JSON-LD is for most much easier to use than RDFa or microdata, is less likely to result in syntax errors when modified comaped to inline code, and can be inserted from JavaScript and still be understood by Google.

However, Google has long insisted on RDFa or microdata for most classes of rich snippets. Its structured data guidelines for developers state:

Google is in the process of adding JSON-LD support to more markup-powered features. So far, JSON-LD is supported for all Knowledge Graph features, sitelink search boxes, and Event Rich Snippets; Google recommends the use of JSON-LD for those features. For the remaining Rich Snippets types and breadcrumbs, Google recommends the use of microdata or RDFa.

Despite this the Google documentation for rich snippets has recently changed to include examples for all rich snippets types listed on the site: products, reviews, events, software apps, videos and articles (indeed, it’s now the first syntax shown in examples for each of these rich snippet types). And recipes:

Many webmasters have been encouraged to see these JSON-LD examples surface, but reticent to employ JSON-LD for Google rich snippet types until there’s been JSON-LD-generated rich snippets spotted in the wild.

That day has arrived, thanks to the efforts of structured data veteran and cook Grace Massa Langlois. I say “and cook” because it was on her recipe-rich site that she made code modifications to see if a recipe that included schema.org/Recipe markup in – and only in – JSON-LD could successfully trigger the generation of a rich snippet in Google.

And, yes, if you now search for “grace’s cannoli and cannoli filling recipe” on Google, you will see this result (which links to this recipe):

The rich snippet image, date and cook time are clearly being generated from the values declared for schema.org/Recipe properties in JSON-LD – in particular totalTime, as that “3 hr 3 min” in the snippet only materialized after she modified pre-existing JSON-LD code to include it.

<script type="application/ld+json">

  "@context": "
  "@type": "Recipe",
  "image" : "
  "name": "Cannoli Siciliani – The Ultimate Italian Pastry",
  "description" : "Prepare one of Italy's most famous pastries at home, cannoli siciliani. Crispy cannoli shells filled with creamy ricotta filling.",
  "totalTime" : "PT3H3M",
  "cookTime" : "PT45M",
  "prepTime" : "PT2H18M", 
  "recipeCategory" : "Pastries",
  "recipeYield" : "28 pastries",
  "ingredients" : [
     "167 g (1 1/3 cups) plain (all-purpose) flour",
     "1/4 teaspoon salt",
     "14 g (1 tablespoon) granulated sugar",
     "5 g (2 teaspoons) unsweetened cocoa powder (not Dutch processed)",
     "28 g (2 tablespoons) vegetable shortening",
     "6 to 7 tablespoons sweet Marsala wine",
     "Vegetable Oil for frying",
     "1 to 2 large egg whites, lightly beaten",
     "660 g (3 cups) fresh ricotta, drained overnight",
     "167 g to 188 g (1 1/3 to 1½ cups) confectioners’ sugar, sifted",
     "1½ teaspoons pure vanilla extract",
     "50 g (1/3 cup) finely diced candied citron or candied orange peel, or a combination (optional)",
     "65 g (1/3 cup) miniature semi-sweet chocolate chips"
] ,
  "datePublished" : "2010-06-07",
  "author" : 
  "@type": "Person",
  "name" : "Grace Massa Langlois",
  "sameAs" : [ 
    "
    "
    "
    "
    "
    "
    "
]
  
  
</script>

She has also verified JSON-LD-based rich snippet generation for another recipe, as detailed in the comments to this Google+ discussion started by Tony McCreath.

So there you have it: yes, JSON-LD can be used rather than RDFa or microdata to generate rich snippets in Google, at least for recipes rich snippets.

And while Google’s documentation has not yet changed, it may simply be a case of one structured data documentation page not keeping pace with changes to others. One way or another, webmasters will now be keeping a keen eye on other rich snippet types to see if JSON-LD for them, too, is a recipe for success.

Many thanks to Grace for conducting these tests and sharing the results with the semantic search community, and Tony for getting the conversation started.

UPDATE (publication + 1.5 hrs): Dan Brickley of Google said the following in relation to this post:

Our documentation may have got slightly ahead of our implementation efforts here … but glad to hear that JSON-LD is proving so popular. Reviews/products/software RS are still best expressed in microdata/rdfa for now.

So don’t put away your itemtypes and typeofs just yet boys and girls – but soon, hopefully, soon.

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Website Add-Ons For the Much Needed Extra Appeal…

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A well designed site helps in grabbing the attention of your users and also acts as a great promotional and marketing tool. It needs to be designed by the web design company in a way that users visit the site again and again.

Moreover, a website also helps in establishing a direct communication with your current and prospective clients without the involvement of any middle man. And as a website also acts as a mirror of your company to the whole world it’s essential to incorporate good quality features in it.

This is why apart from designing the site professionally; web design companies also like to provide certain add-ons in the web site to increase the value for the visitors.

Interesting add-ons for a website

Web site add-ons make your web site come alive with more fun and interactive features. Moreover, as most of the add-on features can be customized, they can be incorporated in just the way you want them to be. There are many popular web site add-ons that you can think of adding to your website such as:

. Creative flash animations

. Slide show of images

. Chat rooms for direct interaction with your customers

. Interactive games

. A guestbook where visitors can sign in for various services

. Photo galleries

. Bulletin boards and forums to give your customers a platform where they can post their messages, queries and viewpoints

. Place dedicated for classified ads

. Newsletter service

. A links page where links of similar sites like yours can be posted

. A calendar to keep track of holidays, meetings, and events

. A site search engine platform to allow users find useful information within your site without any difficulty

. Counters to keep track of your web site traffic with complete statistics

. Online surveys and polls to keep track of your visitor’s opinions regarding a number of issues related to your site or anything in general

. Shopping Carts if you have an e-commerce web site where visitors can purchase products and services on your web site

Apart from these, there are scores of website add-ons that you can incorporate in your website. But always remember that these website add-ons must be selected on the basis of your website requirements and they must blend well with the overall look and feel of your website.

If you are not sure about what to choose, you can take help of good web design companies based in the developed markets such as UK or the USA. They are the best one to guide you. Hence approach some reliable and affordable web design company in big cities such as London, California or Delhi to make your website a cut above the rest.

Source by James Elliott

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Affordable Web Design…

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With the industry of building websites at its all-time high, it is inevitable for companies to start offering affordable web design services. As we all know, having a website is a very powerful tool for business owners to use so that they would be able to reach out to consumers, as a lot of people use the Internet for commerce, information, business solutions and almost everything they need.

And so, as part of your marketing and promotional campaign, the web design that you would applying for your website would have to be the most optimal and effective to reach out to the most number of potential clients.

But there are some online business owners who do not have a big budget, and so affordable web design would be able to be the best option for them. As you choose the web design company or individual to hire though, you need to check the quality of their services offered first.

There are those web designers and developers who do not only provide web designing services but also expand their offerings to the other related services depending on the requirements of the client. These services would include the updating and maintenance of the website, consultation for web-related concerns, web hosting services, scanning and editing services, creation of HTML, PHP, JavaScript and online email systems and much more. Look for a service provider, which would be able to offer a lot of services so that you would be getting the best value for your money.

Source by Bill Pratt

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Internet Marketing Services in London…

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Internet marketing is a term used for generating a response and consequently sales and in London you will see many marketing companies actively involved in all types of advertising and marketing. An internet marketing company will use search engine marketing, email marketing, affiliate marketing, email and banner advertising to attract visitors on a particular website or sales page. Many times online marketing is also used for information passing and customer relations. Therefore, internet marketing is a vast area and if you want to promote the particular website or you want to improve the customer relationship especially in London, you will have to use the services of a professional internet marketing company.

The Internet is now a necessity to our day-to-day life and according to a report, one third of the total people with internet in their home, use the internet for purchasing. Over the coming years the percentage of people making purchases through the internet is expected to increase substantially and therefore there are enormous opportunities of generating revenue through internet sales if effective internet marketing is planned and carried out. If you are in London and want to begin an effective internet marketing campaign, you will probably need to do a lot more to improve the page ranking and improvement in search result so that more and more visitors are diverted to your site by these search engines.

Since the early nineties when internet marketing first began, internet marketing consultants have continuously made improvements and have had to adapt to the ever-changing algorithms of the search engines. The more advanced e-commerce sites are able to carry out business in a safe, secure and efficient way and this market is continuously growing and therefore it is necessary to improve your presence in this market especially if you are living in one of the advanced cities such as London, Paris, New York or Washington.

The return on investment (ROI) or the profit is highest in Internet marketing, due to the extremely targeted marketing that can be carried out, and at the same time the product or services can reach millions of people across the globe.

So, if you are in London or one of the major cities around the world, online marketing provides you with the best opportunity to start your business in a more efficient and profitable way. More and more people in big cities are purchasing even their daily use items online and therefore if your website or sales page is viewed by a greater number of genuine buyers, you will undoubtedly start making greater profits.

Your business will have to adopt various marketing methods such as search engine optimization (SEO) and pay per click (PPC) advertisement to get increased targeted leads and in cities like London, where the internet marketing is continuously growing, it is the best time to do SEO or internet marketing before your competitors catch on and take the potential business all for themselves.

Source by Lee A. Smith

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Search Engine Optimization (SEO)…

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!hat is a Search Engine”

#efinition$

 

 An internet-based tool that searches an index of documents for a particular term, phrase or text specified by the user. Commonly used to refer to large web-based search engines that search through billions of pages on the internet.

#ifferent than a #irectory

%ommon %haracteristics$

Spider, Indexer, Database, Algorithmind matching documents and display them according to rele!ancere”uent updates to documents searched and ran#ing algorithmStri!e to produce $better%, more rele!ant results than competitors

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SEO for Google Earth…

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Web search engine – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia…

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Finding information on the World Wide Web had been a difficult and frustrating task, but became much more usable with breakthroughs in search engine technology in the late 1990s.

A web search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are generally presented in a line of results often referred to as search engine results pages (SERPs). The information may be a mix of web pages, images, and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in databases or open directories. Unlike web directories, which are maintained only by human editors, search engines also maintain real-time information by running an algorithm on a web crawler.

History[edit]

Timeline (full list)
Year Engine Current status
1993 W3Catalog Inactive
Aliweb Inactive
JumpStation Inactive
WWW Worm Inactive
1994 WebCrawler Active, Aggregator
Go.com Inactive, redirects to Disney
Lycos Active
Infoseek Inactive
1995 AltaVista Inactive, redirected to Yahoo!
Daum Active
Magellan Inactive
Excite Active
SAPO Active
Yahoo! Active, Launched as a directory
1996 Dogpile Active, Aggregator
Inktomi Inactive, acquired by Yahoo!
HotBot Active (lycos.com)
Ask Jeeves Active (rebranded ask.com)
1997 Northern Light Inactive
Yandex Active
1998 Google Active
Ixquick Active also as Startpage
MSN Search Active as Bing
empas Inactive (merged with NATE)
1999 AlltheWeb Inactive (URL redirected to Yahoo!)
GenieKnows Active, rebranded Yellowee.com
Naver Active
Teoma Inactive, redirects to Ask.com
Vivisimo Inactive
2000 Baidu Active
Exalead Active
Gigablast Active
2003 Info.com Active
Scroogle Inactive
2004 Yahoo! Search Active, Launched own web search
(see Yahoo! Directory, 1995)
A9.com Inactive
Sogou Active
2005 AOL Search Active
GoodSearch Active
SearchMe Inactive
2006 Soso (search engine) Active
Quaero Inactive
Ask.com Active
Live Search Active as Bing, Launched as
rebranded MSN Search
ChaCha Active
Guruji.com Inactive
2007 wikiseek Inactive
Sproose Inactive
Wikia Search Inactive
Blackle.com Active, Google Search
2008 Powerset Inactive (redirects to Bing)
Picollator Inactive
Viewzi Inactive
Boogami Inactive
LeapFish Inactive
Forestle Inactive (redirects to Ecosia)
DuckDuckGo Active
2009 Bing Active, Launched as
rebranded Live Search
Yebol Inactive
Mugurdy Inactive due to a lack of funding
Scout (Goby) Active
NATE Active
2010 Blekko Inactive, sold to IBM
Cuil Inactive
Yandex Active, Launched global
(English) search
2011 YaCy Active, P2P web search engine
2012 Volunia Inactive
2012 Cloudkite Active
2012 Zoolley Active
2013 ZEEF Active, human curated search directory
2013 Halalgoogling Active, Islamic / Halal
filter Search
2013 Egerin Active, Kurdish / Sorani Search engine

During early development of the web, there was a list of webservers edited by Tim Berners-Lee and hosted on the CERN webserver. One historical snapshot of the list in 1992 remains,[1] but as more and more webservers went online the central list could no longer keep up. On the NCSA site, new servers were announced under the title “What’s New!”[2]

The first tool used for searching on the Internet was Archie.[3] The name stands for “archive” without the “v”. It was created in 1990 by Alan Emtage, Bill Heelan and J. Peter Deutsch, computer science students at McGill University in Montreal. The program downloaded the directory listings of all the files located on public anonymous FTP (File Transfer Protocol) sites, creating a searchable database of file names; however, Archie did not index the contents of these sites since the amount of data was so limited it could be readily searched manually.

The rise of Gopher (created in 1991 by Mark McCahill at the University of Minnesota) led to two new search programs, Veronica and Jughead. Like Archie, they searched the file names and titles stored in Gopher index systems. Veronica (Very Easy Rodent-Oriented Net-wide Index to Computerized Archives) provided a keyword search of most Gopher menu titles in the entire Gopher listings. Jughead (Jonzy’s Universal Gopher Hierarchy Excavation And Display) was a tool for obtaining menu information from specific Gopher servers. While the name of the search engine “Archie” was not a reference to the Archie comic book series, “Veronica” and “Jughead” are characters in the series, thus referencing their predecessor.

In the summer of 1993, no search engine existed for the web, though numerous specialized catalogues were maintained by hand. Oscar Nierstrasz at the University of Geneva wrote a series of Perl scripts that periodically mirrored these pages and rewrote them into a standard format. This formed the basis for W3Catalog, the web’s first primitive search engine, released on September 2, 1993.[4]

In June 1993, Matthew Gray, then at MIT, produced what was probably the first web robot, the Perl-based World Wide Web Wanderer, and used it to generate an index called ‘Wandex’. The purpose of the Wanderer was to measure the size of the World Wide Web, which it did until late 1995. The web’s second search engine Aliweb appeared in November 1993. Aliweb did not use a web robot, but instead depended on being notified by website administrators of the existence at each site of an index file in a particular format.

JumpStation (created in December 1993[5] by Jonathon Fletcher) used a web robot to find web pages and to build its index, and used a web form as the interface to its query program. It was thus the first WWW resource-discovery tool to combine the three essential features of a web search engine (crawling, indexing, and searching) as described below. Because of the limited resources available on the platform it ran on, its indexing and hence searching were limited to the titles and headings found in the web pages the crawler encountered.

One of the first “all text” crawler-based search engines was WebCrawler, which came out in 1994. Unlike its predecessors, it allowed users to search for any word in any webpage, which has become the standard for all major search engines since. It was also the first one widely known by the public. Also in 1994, Lycos (which started at Carnegie Mellon University) was launched and became a major commercial endeavor.

Soon after, many search engines appeared and vied for popularity. These included Magellan, Excite, Infoseek, Inktomi, Northern Light, and AltaVista. Yahoo! was among the most popular ways for people to find web pages of interest, but its search function operated on its web directory, rather than its full-text copies of web pages. Information seekers could also browse the directory instead of doing a keyword-based search.

In 1996, Netscape was looking to give a single search engine an exclusive deal as the featured search engine on Netscape’s web browser. There was so much interest that instead Netscape struck deals with five of the major search engines: for $5 million a year, each search engine would be in rotation on the Netscape search engine page. The five engines were Yahoo!, Magellan, Lycos, Infoseek, and Excite.[6][7]

Google adopted the idea of selling search terms in 1998, from a small search engine company named goto.com. This move had a significant effect on the SE business, which went from struggling to one of the most profitable businesses in the internet.[8]

Search engines were also known as some of the brightest stars in the Internet investing frenzy that occurred in the late 1990s.[9] Several companies entered the market spectacularly, receiving record gains during their initial public offerings. Some have taken down their public search engine, and are marketing enterprise-only editions, such as Northern Light. Many search engine companies were caught up in the dot-com bubble, a speculation-driven market boom that peaked in 1999 and ended in 2001.

Around 2000, Google’s search engine rose to prominence.[10] The company achieved better results for many searches with an innovation called PageRank, as was explained in the paper Anatomy of a Search Engine written by Sergey Brin and Larry Page, the later founders of Google.[11] This iterative algorithm ranks web pages based on the number and PageRank of other web sites and pages that link there, on the premise that good or desirable pages are linked to more than others. Google also maintained a minimalist interface to its search engine. In contrast, many of its competitors embedded a search engine in a web portal. In fact, Google search engine became so popular that spoof engines emerged such as Mystery Seeker.

By 2000, Yahoo! was providing search services based on Inktomi’s search engine. Yahoo! acquired Inktomi in 2002, and Overture (which owned AlltheWeb and AltaVista) in 2003. Yahoo! switched to Google’s search engine until 2004, when it launched its own search engine based on the combined technologies of its acquisitions.

Microsoft first launched MSN Search in the fall of 1998 using search results from Inktomi. In early 1999 the site began to display listings from Looksmart, blended with results from Inktomi. For a short time in 1999, MSN Search used results from AltaVista instead. In 2004, Microsoft began a transition to its own search technology, powered by its own web crawler (called msnbot).

Microsoft’s rebranded search engine, Bing, was launched on June 1, 2009. On July 29, 2009, Yahoo! and Microsoft finalized a deal in which Yahoo! Search would be powered by Microsoft Bing technology.

How web search engines work[edit]

A search engine operates in the following order:

  1. Web crawling
  2. Indexing
  3. Searching[12]

Web search engines work by storing information about many web pages, which they retrieve from the HTML markup of the pages. These pages are retrieved by a Web crawler (sometimes also known as a spider) — an automated Web crawler which follows every link on the site. The site owner can exclude specific pages by using robots.txt.

The search engine then analyzes the contents of each page to determine how it should be indexed (for example, words can be extracted from the titles, page content, headings, or special fields called meta tags). Data about web pages are stored in an index database for use in later queries. A query from a user can be a single word. The index helps find information relating to the query as quickly as possible.[12] Some search engines, such as Google, store all or part of the source page (referred to as a cache) as well as information about the web pages, whereas others, such as AltaVista, store every word of every page they find.[citation needed] This cached page always holds the actual search text since it is the one that was actually indexed, so it can be very useful when the content of the current page has been updated and the search terms are no longer in it.[12] This problem might be considered a mild form of linkrot, and Google’s handling of it increases usability by satisfying user expectations that the search terms will be on the returned webpage. This satisfies the principle of least astonishment, since the user normally expects that the search terms will be on the returned pages. Increased search relevance makes these cached pages very useful as they may contain data that may no longer be available elsewhere.[citation needed]

High-level architecture of a standard Web crawler

When a user enters a query into a search engine (typically by using keywords), the engine examines its index and provides a listing of best-matching web pages according to its criteria, usually with a short summary containing the document’s title and sometimes parts of the text. The index is built from the information stored with the data and the method by which the information is indexed.[12] From 2007 the Google.com search engine has allowed one to search by date by clicking “Show search tools” in the leftmost column of the initial search results page, and then selecting the desired date range.[13] Most search engines support the use of the boolean operators AND, OR and NOT to further specify the search query. Boolean operators are for literal searches that allow the user to refine and extend the terms of the search. The engine looks for the words or phrases exactly as entered. Some search engines provide an advanced feature called proximity search, which allows users to define the distance between keywords.[12] There is also concept-based searching where the research involves using statistical analysis on pages containing the words or phrases you search for. As well, natural language queries allow the user to type a question in the same form one would ask it to a human. A site like this would be ask.com.[citation needed]

The usefulness of a search engine depends on the relevance of the result set it gives back. While there may be millions of web pages that include a particular word or phrase, some pages may be more relevant, popular, or authoritative than others. Most search engines employ methods to rank the results to provide the “best” results first. How a search engine decides which pages are the best matches, and what order the results should be shown in, varies widely from one engine to another.[12] The methods also change over time as Internet usage changes and new techniques evolve. There are two main types of search engine that have evolved: one is a system of predefined and hierarchically ordered keywords that humans have programmed extensively. The other is a system that generates an “inverted index” by analyzing texts it locates. This first form relies much more heavily on the computer itself to do the bulk of the work.

Most Web search engines are commercial ventures supported by advertising revenue and thus some of them allow advertisers to have their listings ranked higher in search results for a fee. Search engines that do not accept money for their search results make money by running search related ads alongside the regular search engine results. The search engines make money every time someone clicks on one of these ads.[14]

Market share[edit]

Google is the world’s most popular search engine, with a marketshare of 66.44 percent as of December, 2014.[15]Baidu comes in at second place.[15]

The world’s most popular search engines are:[16]

Search engine Market share in December 2014
Google 66.44% 66.44

 

Baidu 11.15% 11.15

 

Bing 10.29% 10.29

 

Yahoo! 9.31% 9.31

 

AOL 0.53% 0.53

 

Ask 0.21% 0.21

 

Lycos 0.01% 0.01

 

Search engine Market share in October 2014
Google 58.01% 58.01

 

Baidu 29.06% 29.06

 

Bing 8.01% 8.01

 

Yahoo! 4.01% 4.01

 

AOL 0.21% 0.21

 

Ask 0.10% 0.1

 

Excite 0.00%
Search engine Market share in July 2014[15]
Google 68.69% 68.69

 

Baidu 17.17% 17.17

 

Yahoo! 6.74% 6.74

 

Bing 6.22% 6.22

 

Excite 0.22% 0.22

 

Ask 0.13% 0.13

 

AOL 0.13% 0.13

 

East Asia and Russia[edit]

East Asian countries and Russia constitute a few places where Google is not the most popular search engine.

Yandex commands a marketshare of 61.9 per cent in Russia, compared to Google’s 28.3 percent.[17] In China, Baidu is the most popular search engine.[18] South Korea’s homegrown search portal, Naver, is used for 70 per cent online searches in the country.[19]Yahoo! Japan and Yahoo! Taiwan are the most popular avenues for internet search in Japan and Taiwan, respectively.[20]

Search engine bias[edit]

Although search engines are programmed to rank websites based on some combination of their popularity and relevancy, empirical studies indicate various political, economic, and social biases in the information they provide.[21][22] These biases can be a direct result of economic and commercial processes (e.g., companies that advertise with a search engine can become also more popular in its organic search results), and political processes (e.g., the removal of search results to comply with local laws).[23] For example, Google will not surface certain Neo-Nazi websites in France and Germany, where Holocaust denial is illegal.

Biases can also be a result of social processes, as search engine algorithms are frequently designed to exclude non-normative viewpoints in favor of more “popular” results.[24] Indexing algorithms of major search engines skew towards coverage of U.S.-based sites, rather than websites from non-U.S. countries.[22]

Google Bombing is one example of an attempt to manipulate search results for political, social or commercial reasons.

Customized results and filter bubbles[edit]

Many search engines such as Google and Bing provide customized results based on the user’s activity history. This leads to an effect that has been called a filter bubble. The term describes a phenomenon in which websites use algorithms to selectively guess what information a user would like to see, based on information about the user (such as location, past click behaviour and search history). As a result, websites tend to show only information that agrees with the user’s past viewpoint, effectively isolating the user in a bubble that tends to exclude contrary information. Prime examples are Google’s personalized search results and Facebook’s personalized news stream. According to Eli Pariser, who coined the term, users get less exposure to conflicting viewpoints and are isolated intellectually in their own informational bubble. Pariser related an example in which one user searched Google for “BP” and got investment news about British Petroleum while another searcher got information about the Deepwater Horizon oil spill and that the two search results pages were “strikingly different”.[25][26][27] The bubble effect may have negative implications for civic discourse, according to Pariser.[28]

Since this problem has been identified, competing search engines have emerged that seek to avoid this problem by not tracking or “bubbling” users.

Faith-based search engines[edit]

The global growth of the Internet and popularity of electronic contents in the Arab and Muslim World during the last decade has encouraged faith adherents, notably in the Middle East and Asian sub-continent, to “dream” of their own faith-based i.e. “Islamic” search engines or filtered search portals filters that would enable users to avoid accessing forbidden websites such as pornography and would only allow them to access sites that are compatible to the Islamic faith. Shortly before the Muslim holy month of Ramadan, Halalgoogling, which collects results from other search engines like Google and Bing, was introduced to the world in July 2013 to present the halal results to its users,[29] nearly two years after I’mHalal, another search engine initially (launched on September 2011) to serve Middle East Internet had to close its search service due to what its owner blamed on lack of funding.[30]

While lack of investment and slow pace in technologies in the Muslim World as the main consumers or targeted end users has hindered progress and thwarted success of serious Islamic search engine, the spectacular failure of heavily invested Muslim lifestyle web projects like Muxlim, which received millions of dollars from investors like Rite Internet Ventures, has – according to I’mHalal shutdown notice – made almost laughable the idea that the next Facebook or Google can only come from the Middle East if you support your bright youth.[31] Yet Muslim internet experts have been determining for years what is or is not allowed according to the “Law of Islam” and have been categorizing websites and such into being either “halal” or “haram”. All the existing and past Islamic search engines are merely custom search indexed or monetized by web major search giants like Google, Yahoo and Bing with only certain filtering systems applied to ensure that their users can’t access Haram sites, which include such sites as nudity, gay, gambling or anything that is deemed to be anti-Islamic.[32]

Another religiously-oriented search engine is Jewogle, which is the Jewish version of Google and yet another is SeekFind.org, which is a Christian website that includes filters preventing users from seeing anything on the internet that attacks or degrades their faith.[33]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ “World-Wide Web Servers”. W3.org. Retrieved 2012-05-14. 
  2. ^ “What’s New! February 1994″. Home.mcom.com. Retrieved 2012-05-14. 
  3. ^ “Internet History – Search Engines” (from Search Engine Watch), Universiteit Leiden, Netherlands, September 2001, web: LeidenU-Archie.
  4. ^ Oscar Nierstrasz (2 September 1993). “Searchable Catalog of WWW Resources (experimental)”. 
  5. ^ “Archive of NCSA what’s new in December 1993 page”. Web.archive.org. 2001-06-20. Archived from the original on 2001-06-20. Retrieved 2012-05-14. 
  6. ^ “Yahoo! And Netscape Ink International Distribution Deal” (PDF) 
  7. ^ “Browser Deals Push Netscape Stock Up 7.8%”. Los Angeles Times. 1 April 1996 
  8. ^
  9. ^ Gandal, Neil (2001). “The dynamics of competition in the internet search engine market”. International Journal of Industrial Organization 19 (7): 1103–1117. doi:10.1016/S0167-7187(01)00065-0. 
  10. ^ “Our History in depth”. W3.org. Retrieved 2012-10-31. 
  11. ^ Brin, Sergey; Page, Larry. “The Anatomy of a Large-Scale Hypertextual Web Search Engine” (PDF). 
  12. ^ a b c d e f Jawadekar, Waman S (2011), “8. Knowledge Management: Tools and Technology”, Knowledge Management: Text & Cases, New Delhi: Tata McGraw-Hill Education Private Ltd, p. 278, ISBN 978-0-07-07-0086-4, retrieved November 23, 2012 
  13. ^ Chitu, Alex (August 30, 2007). “Easy Way to Find Recent Web Pages”. Google Operating System. Retrieved 22 February 2015. 
  14. ^ “FAQ”. RankStar. Retrieved 19 June 2013. 
  15. ^ a b c “Desktop Search Engine Market Share”. NetMarketShare. Retrieved 2014-06-04. 
  16. ^ “FAQ”. NetMarketShare. Retrieved 23 November 2014. 
  17. ^ “Live Internet – Site Statistics”. Live Internet. Retrieved 2014-06-04. 
  18. ^ Arthur, Charles (2014-06-03). “The Chinese technology companies poised to dominate the world”. The Guardian. Retrieved 2014-06-04. 
  19. ^ “How Naver Hurts Companies’ Productivity”. The Wall Street Journal. 2014-05-21. Retrieved 2014-06-04. 
  20. ^ “Age of Internet Empires”. Oxford Internet Institute. Retrieved 2014-06-04. 
  21. ^ Segev, El (2010). Google and the Digital Divide: The Biases of Online Knowledge, Oxford: Chandos Publishing.
  22. ^ a b Vaughan, Liwen; Mike Thelwall (2004). “Search engine coverage bias: evidence and possible causes”. Information Processing & Management 40 (4): 693–707. doi:10.1016/S0306-4573(03)00063-3. 
  23. ^ Berkman Center for Internet & Society (2002), “Replacement of Google with Alternative Search Systems in China: Documentation and Screen Shots”, Harvard Law School.
  24. ^ Introna, Lucas; Helen Nissenbaum (2000). “Shaping the Web: Why the Politics of Search Engines Matters”. The Information Society: An International Journal 16 (3). doi:10.1080/01972240050133634. 
  25. ^ Parramore, Lynn (10 October 2010). “The Filter Bubble”. The Atlantic. Retrieved 2011-04-20. Since Dec. 4, 2009, Google has been personalized for everyone. So when I had two friends this spring Google “BP,” one of them got a set of links that was about investment opportunities in BP. The other one got information about the oil spill…. 
  26. ^ Weisberg, Jacob (10 June 2011). “Bubble Trouble: Is Web personalization turning us into solipsistic twits?”. Slate. Retrieved 2011-08-15. 
  27. ^ Gross, Doug (May 19, 2011). “What the Internet is hiding from you”. CNN. Retrieved 2011-08-15. I had friends Google BP when the oil spill was happening. These are two women who were quite similar in a lot of ways. One got a lot of results about the environmental consequences of what was happening and the spill. The other one just got investment information and nothing about the spill at all. 
  28. ^ Zhang, Yuan Cao; Séaghdha, Diarmuid Ó; Quercia, Daniele; Jambor, Tamas (February 2012). “Auralist: Introducing Serendipity into Music Recommendation” (PDF). ACM WSDM. 
  29. ^ “New Islam-approved search engine for Muslims”. News.msn.com. Retrieved 2013-07-11. 
  30. ^ I’mHalal – Islamic compliant search project launched September 2009 and shut down late 2011
  31. ^ I’mHalal Blog
  32. ^ I’mHalal Blog
  33. ^ AllChristianNews

Further reading[edit]

  • For a more detailed history of early search engines, see Search Engine Birthdays (from Search Engine Watch), Chris Sherman, September 2003.
  • Steve Lawrence; C. Lee Giles (1999). “Accessibility of information on the web”. Nature 400 (6740): 107–9. doi:10.1038/21987. PMID 10428673. 
  • Bing Liu (2007), Web Data Mining: Exploring Hyperlinks, Contents and Usage Data. Springer,ISBN 3-540-37881-2
  • Bar-Ilan, J. (2004). The use of Web search engines in information science research. ARIST, 38, 231-288.
  • Levene, Mark (2005). An Introduction to Search Engines and Web Navigation. Pearson. 
  • Hock, Randolph (2007). The Extreme Searcher’s Handbook. ISBN 978-0-910965-76-7
  • Javed Mostafa (February 2005). “Seeking Better Web Searches”. Scientific American. []
  • Ross, Nancy; Wolfram, Dietmar (2000). “End user searching on the Internet: An analysis of term pair topics submitted to the Excite search engine”. Journal of the American Society for Information Science 51 (10): 949–958. doi:10.1002/1097-4571(2000)51:10<949::AID-ASI70>3.0.CO;2-5. 
  • Xie, M. et al. (1998). “Quality dimensions of Internet search engines”. Journal of Information Science 24 (5): 365–372. doi:10.1177/016555159802400509. 
  • Information Retrieval: Implementing and Evaluating Search Engines. MIT Press. 2010. 

External links[edit]

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